Introduction, Size and complexity of Integrated Circuits, The
Microelectronics Field, IC
Production Process, Processing Steps, Packaging and Testing, MOS Processes, NMOS
Process, CMOS Process, Bipolar Technology, Hybrid Technology, Design Rules and
Process Parameters.
Unit-2
Dc Models, Small Signal Models, MOS Models, MOSFET Models in High
Frequency and
small signal, Short channel devices, Sub threshold Operations, Modeling Noise Sources
in MOSFET’s, Diode Models, Bipolar Models, Passive component Models.
Unit-3
Introduction, Circuit Simulation Using Spice, MOSFET Model, Level
1 Large signal model,
Level 2 Large Signal Model, High Frequency Model, Noise Model of MOSFET, Large signal
Diode Current, High Frequency BJT Model, BJT Noise Model, Temperature Dependence
of BJT.
Unit-4
Random Logic and Structured Logic Forms, Register Storage
Circuits, Quasi Static
Register Cells, A Static Register Cell, Micro coded Controllers, Microprocessor Design,
Systolic Arrays, Bit-Serial Processing Elements, Algotronix.
Unit-5
Basic CMOS Technology, A Basic n-well CMOS Process, Twin Tub
Processes, CMOS
Process Enhancement, Interconnects and Circuit Elements, Layout Design Rules, Latch
up, Physical Origin, Latch up Triggering, Latch up Prevention, Internal Latch up
Prevention Techniques.
Spread Spectrum Modulation: Introduction, frequency hopping
multiple access, CDMA,
cellular CDMA systems, multi user detection, time hopping impulse radio.
Unit-2
Introduction, principle of OFDM, implementation of transceivers,
frequency-selective
channels, channel estimation, peak to average power ratio, inter carrier interference,
adaptive modulation and capacity, multiple access, multi carrier code division multiple
access, single carrier modulation with frequency-domain equalization.
Unit-3
Multi antenna system: smart antennas, multiple input multiple
output systems, multi
user MIMO.
Unit-4
Problem description, cognitive transceiver architecture, principle
of interweaving,
spectrum sensing, spectrum management, spectrum sharing, overlay, underlay.
Unit-5
Introduction and motivation, fundamentals of relaying, relaying
with multiple parallel
relays, routing and resource allocation in multi hop networks, routing and resource
allocation in collaborative networks, applications, network coding.
Management Concept: Management, Administration and Organization
Difference and
Relationship between Organization Management and Administration. Importance of
Management, Characteristics of Management.
Unit-2
Management: Scientific Management, Principles of Management,
Process of
Management, Functions of Management, Levels of Management, Project Management.
Unit-3
Decision Making: Introduction and Definition, Types of Decisions,
Techniques of
Decision Making, Decision making under certainty Decision making under uncertainty,
Decision Making under risk.
Unit-4
Managerial Economics: Introduction, Factors Influencing Manager,
Micro and Macroeconomics, Theory of the Cost, Theory of
the Firm, Theory of Production Function.
Unit-5
Productivity: Input-Output Analysis, Micro-economics Applied to
Plants and Industrial
Undertakings, Production and Production system, Productivity, Factors affecting
Productivity, Increasing Productivity of Resources.
Introduction, Classifications of Cybercrimes: E-Mail Spoofing,
Spamming, Cyber
defamation, Industrial Spying/Industrial Espionage, Hacking, Software Piracy, Password
Sniffing, Credit Card Frauds, Cyberstalking, Botnets, Phishing, Pharming,
Man-in-theMiddle attack, Password Cracking,
Keyloggers and Spywares, Virus and Worms, Trojan
Horses and Backdoors, DoS and DDoS Attacks, SQL Injection, Buffer Overflow, Malware,
Ransomware, Types of Identity Theft, Techniques of ID Theft, Cyber terrorism, Browser
Attacks, Reverse Engineering, Cross site scripting.
Unit-2
Introduction to Cyber Security, Cyber Security Goals, Cyber
Security policy, Domain of
Cyber Security Policy, Elements, Cyber Security Evolution, Implementing Hardware
Based Security, Software Based Firewalls, Security Standards, Assessing Threat Levels,
Forming an Incident Response Team, Reporting Cybercrime, Difference between cyber
forensics and cyber security.
Unit-3
The Internet of Things: An Overview, The “Internet” of “Things”,
The Technology of the
Internet of Things, Importance of Internet of Things, Understanding Smart Devices,
Design Principles for Connected Device, Network Connections, Traditional Network,
Transferring Data Over a Network, Understanding IP Address, Wireless Technologies,
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Cellular Networks, Mesh Networks.
Unit-4
Internet Principles, Internet Communications, IP, TCP, The IP
Protocol Suite (TCP/IP),
UDP, IP addresses, DNS, Static IP address Assignment, Dynamic IP Address Assignment,
IPv6, MAC Address, TCP and UDP Ports, HTTP Ports other Common Ports, Application
Layer Protocols.
Unit-5
Prototyping: Sketching, Familiarity, Cost versus Ease of
Prototyping, Prototypes and
Production, Embedded Platform, Physical Prototypes and Mass Personalization,
Introduction to Cloud, Climbing into the Cloud, Open Source, Closed Source, Mixing
Open and Closed Source.
Microwave Transmission System:
General representation of EM field in terms of TEM, TE and TM components, Uniform guide
structures,
rectangular wave guides, Circular Wave guides, Solution in terms of various modes,
Properties of
propagating and evanescent modes, Dominant modes, Normalized model voltages and
currents, Power
flow and energy storage in modes frequency range of operation for single mode working,
effect of higher
order modes, Strip line and micro strip lines general properties, Comparison of coaxial,
Micro strip and
rectangular wave guides in terms of band width, power handling capacity, economical
consideration etc.
Unit-2
Microwave Networks and Component:
Transmission line ports of microwave network, Scattering matrix, Properties of
scattering matrix of
reciprocal, Non reciprocal, loss less, Passive networks, Examples of two, three and four
port networks,
wave guide components like attenuator, Phase shifters and couplers, Flanges, Bends,
Irises, Posts,
Loads, Principle of operation and properties of E-plane, H-plane Tee junctions of wave
guides, Hybrid T,
Multi-hole directional coupler, Directional couplers, Microwave resonators- rectangular.
Excitation of wave
guide and resonators by couplers. Principles of operation of non reciprocal devices,
properties of ferrites,
Isolators and phase shifters.
Unit-3
Microwave Solid State Devices and Application:
PIN diodes, Properties and applications, Microwave detector diodes, detection
characteristics, Varactor
diodes, parametric amplifier fundamentals, Manley-Rowe power relation MASER, LASER ,
Amplifiers,
Frequency converters and harmonic generators using varactor diodes, Transferred electron
devices,
Gunn effect, Various modes of operation of Gunn oscillator, IMPATT, TRAPATT and BARITT.
Unit-4
Microwave Vacuum Tube Devices:
Interaction of electron beam with electromagnetic field, power transfer condition.
Principles of working of
two cavity and Reflex Klystrons, arrival time curve and oscillation conditions in reflex
klystrons, modefrequency
characteristics. Effect of repeller voltage variation on power and frequency of output.
Principle
of working of magnetrons. Electron dynamics in planar and cylindrical magnetrons, Cutoff
magnetic field,
Resonant cavities in magnetron, Π-mode operation Mode separation techniques, Rising sun
cavity and
strapping. Principle of working of TWT amplifier. Slow wave structures, Approximate gain
relationship in
forward wave TWT.
Unit-5
Microwave Measurements:
Square law detection, Broadband and tuned detectors. Wave-guide probes, Probe and
detector mounts,
Slotted line
arrangement and VSWR meter, Measurement of wave-guide impedance at load port by slotted
line,
Microwave bench components and source modulation. Measurement of scattering matrix
parameters,
Overview of satellite systems: Introduction,
Frequency allocations for satellite systems. Orbits and launching methods: Kepler’s three laws of planetary
motion, terms used for earth orbiting
satellites, orbital elements, apogee and perigee heights, orbit perturbations, inclined
orbits, local mean
solar point and sun-synchronous orbits, standard time.
Unit-2
The Geostationary orbit: Introduction,
antenna look angles, polar mount antenna, limits of visibility, near
geostationary orbits, earth eclipse of satellite, sun transit outage, launching orbits.
Polarization: antenna polarization, polarization of satellite signals,
cross polarization discrimination. Depolarization: ionospheric, rain, ice.
Unit-3
The Space segment: introduction, power supply,
attitude control, station keeping, thermal control, TT&C
subsystem, transponders, antenna subsystem, Morelos and Satmex 5, Anik-satellites,
Advanced Tiros-N
spacecraft. The Earth segment: introduction, receive-only home TV systems, master
antenna TV system,
Community antenna TV system, transmit-receive earth station
Unit-4
The space link: Introduction, Equivalent
isotropic radiated power (EIPR), transmission losses, the link
power budget equation, system noise, carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N), the uplink, the
downlink, effects of rain,
combined uplink and downlink C/N ratio, inter modulation noise, inter-satellite links.
Interference between satellite circuits.
Unit-5
VSAT (very small aperture terminal) systems:
overview, network architecture, access control
protocols, basic techniques, VSAT earth station, calculation of link margins for a VSAT
star network. Direct broadcast satellite (DBS) Television and radio: digital DBS TV,
BDS TV system design and link
budget, error control in digital DBS-TV, installation of DBS-TV antennas, satellite
radio broadcasting.
Overview of Optical Fiber Communications (OFC):
Motivation, optical spectral bands, key elements of
optical fiber systems.
Optical fibers : basic optical laws and definitions, optical fiber
modes and configurations, mode theory for
circular waveguides, single mode fibers, graded-index fiber structure, fiber materials,
photonic crystal
fibers, fiber fabrication, fiber optic cables
Unit-2
Optical sources: Light emitting diodes (LED):
structures, materials, quantum efficiency, LED power,
modulation of an LED. Laser diodes: modes, threshold conditions, laser diode rate
equations, external
quantum efficiency, resonant frequencies, structure and radiation patterns, single mode
lasers,
modulation of laser diodes.
Power launching and coupling: source to fiber power launching, fiber
to fiber joints, LED coupling to
single mode fibers, fiber splicing, optical fiber connectors.
Signal degradation in optical fibers: Attenuation: units, absorption,
scattering losses, bending losses,
core and cladding losses. Signal distortion in fibers: overview of distortion origins,
modal delay, factors
contributing to delay, group delay, material dispersion, waveguide dispersion,
polarization-mode
dispersion. Characteristics of single mode fibers: refractive index profiles, cutoff
wavelength, dispersion
calculations, mode field diameter, bending loss calculation. Specialty fibers.
Unit-4
Optical receivers: fundamental receiver
operation, digital receiver performance, eye diagrams, coherent
detection: homodyne and heterodyne, burst mode receiver, analog receivers.
Digital links: point to point links, link power budget, rise time
budget, power penalties.
Analog links: overview of analog links, carrier to noise ratio, multi
channel transmission techniques
Unit-5
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) concepts:
operational principles of WDM, passive optical
star coupler, isolators, circulators, active optical components: MEMS technology,
variable optical
attenuators, tunable optical filters, dynamic gain equalizers, polarization controller,
chromatic dispersion
compensators.
Optical amplifiers: basic applications and types of optical
amplifiers, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers
(EDFA): amplification mechanism, architecture, power conversion efficiency and gain.
Amplifier noise,
optical SNR, system applications.
Performance Measurement and monitoring: measurement standards, basic
test equipment, optical
power measurements, optical fiber characterization, eye diagram tests, optical
time-domain reflectometer,
optical performance monitoring.
Introduction, Switching Techniques: Circuit Switching, Message
Switching, Packet Switching, Protocols, Layered
Network Architecture and Architecture of OSI & TCP/IP Reference model, ATM Model, ISDN
and BISDN,
Physical Layer Transmission Medium, Modem, Topologies.
Unit-2
Data Link Layer: Framing , HDLC, ARQ: Stop and Wait, Sliding
Window. Efficiency, Error detection and
Correction. CRC, Checksum, MAC Sub layer – LAN Protocols, ALOHA, Slotted, ALOHA, CSMA,
CSMA/CD,
Token Bus, Ring.
Unit-3
Network Layer: Routing – Data gram and Virtual Ckt, Dijkstra’s,
Bellman Ford, DV and Link state routing.
Congestion Control and ATM Traffic Management – AAL, X.25, Internet Layer : IP
Protocols, ICMP,ARP and
RARP.
Unit-4
Transport Layer: Connection Oriented transport Protocol Mechanism,
TCP, TSAP, Transport Flow Regulation,
UDP Fragmentation & Reassembly, Session and Transport Interaction, Synchronization
Points, Session Protocols
Data Unit.
Applications and requirements of wireless services:
history, types of services, requirements for the
services, economic and social aspects.
Technical challenges in wireless communications: multipath
propagation, spectrum limitations, limited
energy, user mobility, noise and interference-limited systems.
Propagation mechanism: free space loss, reflection and transmission,
diffraction, scattering by rough
surfaces, wave guiding.
Unit-2
Statistical description of the wireless channel:
time invariant and variant two path models, small-scale
fading with and without a dominant component, Doppler spectra, temporal dependence of
fading, large
scale fading.
Wideband and directional channel characteristics: causes of delay
dispersion, system theoretic
description of wireless channels, WSSUS model, condensed parameters, ultra wideband
channels,
directional description.
Unit-3
Channel models: Narrowband, wideband and
directional models, deterministic channel-modeling
methods.
Channel sounding: Introduction, time domain measurements, frequency
domain analysis, modified
measurement methods, directionally resolved measurements.
Antennas: Introduction, antennas for mobile stations, antennas for
base stations
Unit-4
Transceivers and signal processing: Structure of
a wireless communication link: transceiver block
structure, simplified models. Modulation formats, demodulator structure, error
probability in AWGN
channels, error probability in flat-fading channels, error probability in delay and
frequency-dispersive
fading channels.
Unit-5
Diversity: Introduction, microdiversity,
macrodiversity and simulcast, combination of signals, error
probability in fading channels with diversity reception, transmit diversity.
Equalizers: Introduction, linear equalizers, decision feedback
equalizers, maximum likelihood sequence
estimation (Viterbi detector), comparison of equalizer structures, fractional spaced
equalizers, blind
equalizers.
Introduction: Introduction to soft computing, application areas of
soft computing,
classification of soft computing techniques, structure & functioning of biological
brain & Neuron, and concept of learning/training. Model of an Artificial Neuron,
transfer/activation functions, perceptron, perceptron learning model, binary &
continuous inputs, linear separability.
Unit-2
Multilayer Neural Networks: Feed Forward network
- significance, training, loss
function, Back-Propagation algorithm, convergence & generalization, momentum,
applications. Feedback network -Hopfield Nets: architecture, energy functions,
training algorithms & examples, competitive learning, self-organizing maps.
Introduction to CNN and RNN network.
Unit-3
Fuzzy Systems: fuzzy set theory, fuzzy sets and operations,
membership functions,
concept of fuzzy relations and their composition, concept of fuzzy Measures. Fuzzy
logic: fuzzy rules, inferencing. Fuzzy Control system: selection of membership
functions, Fuzzyfication, rule based design & inferencing, defuzzyfication,
applications of fuzzy system.
Unit-4
Genetic algorithm: concepts, creation of offspring, working
principle, encoding,
fitness functions, reproduction, genetic modeling. Generation cycle & convergence of
GA, application areas of GA.
Unit-5
. Advanced soft computing techniques: Rough Set Theory -
Introduction, Set
approximation, Rough membership, Attributes, optimization. SVM - Introduction,
obtaining the optimal hyper plane, linear and nonlinear SVM classifiers. Introduction
to Swarm Intelligence, Swarm Intelligence Techniques: Ant Colony Optimization,
Particle Swarm Optimization, Bee Colony Optimization etc.
Introduction: Historical development ,Vision of
Cloud Computing, Characteristics
of cloud computing as per NIST , Cloud computing reference model ,Cloud computing
environments, Cloud services requirements, Cloud and dynamic infrastructure, Cloud
Adoption and rudiments .Overview of cloud applications: ECG Analysis in the cloud,
Protein
structure prediction, Gene Expression Data Analysis ,Satellite Image Processing ,CRM and
ERP ,Social networking .
Unit-2
Cloud Computing Architecture: Cloud Reference
Model, Types of Clouds, Cloud
Interoperability & Standards, Scalability and Fault Tolerance, Cloud Solutions: Cloud
Ecosystem, Cloud Business Process Management, Cloud Service Management. Cloud
Offerings: Cloud Analytics, Testing Under Control, Virtual Desktop Infrastructure.
Unit-3
Cloud Management & Virtualization Technology:
Resiliency, Provisioning,
Asset management, Concepts of Map reduce , Cloud Governance, High Availability and
Disaster Recovery. Virtualization: Fundamental concepts of compute ,storage, networking,
desktop and application virtualization .Virtualization benefits, server virtualization,
Block
and file level storage virtualization Hypervisor management software, Infrastructure
Requirements , Virtual LAN(VLAN) and Virtual SAN(VSAN) and their benefits
Market Based Management of Clouds , Federated Clouds/Inter
Cloud:
Characterization & Definition ,Cloud Federation Stack , Third Party Cloud Services .
Case
study : Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure , Hadoop , Amazon , Aneka
Introduction, to Data warehousing, needs for developing data
Warehouse, Data
warehouse systems and its Components, Design of Data Warehouse, Dimension and
Measures, Data Marts:-Dependent Data Marts, Independents Data Marts & Distributed Data
Marts, Conceptual Modeling of Data Warehouses:-Star Schema, Snowflake Schema, Fact
Constellations. Multidimensional Data Model & Aggregates.
Unit-2
OLAP, Characteristics of OLAP System, Motivation for using OLAP,
Multidimensional View and Data Cube, Data Cube Implementations, Data Cube Operations,
Guidelines for OLAP Implementation, Difference between OLAP & OLTP, OLAP Servers:-
ROLAP, MOLAP, HOLAP Queries.
Unit-3
Introduction to Data Mining, Knowledge Discovery, Data Mining
Functionalities, Data Mining System categorization and its Issues. Data Processing :-
Data
Cleaning, Data Integration and Transformation. Data Reduction, Data Mining Statistics.
Guidelines for Successful Data Mining.
Unit-4
Association Rule Mining:-Introduction, Basic, The Task and a Naïve
Algorithm,
Apriori Algorithms, Improving the efficiency of the Apriori Algorithm, Apriori-Tid,
Direct
Hasing and Pruning(DHP),Dynamic Itemset Counting (DIC), Mining Frequent Patterns
without Candidate Generation(FP-Growth),Performance Evaluation of Algorithms.
Unit-5
Classification:-Introduction, Decision Tree, The Tree Induction
Algorithm, Split
Algorithms Based on Information Theory, Split Algorithm Based on the Gini Index,
Overfitting and Pruning, Decision Trees Rules, Naïve Bayes Method. Cluster Analysis:-
Introduction, Desired Features of Cluster Analysis, Types of Cluster Analysis Methods:-
Partitional Methods, Hierarchical Methods, Density- Based Methods, Dealing with Large
Databases. Quality and Validity of Cluster Analysis Methods.
Review of Networking and O.S. fundamentals, ISO-OSI Model,
different layers and their
functions, LAN, MAN, WAN, Communication media & principles IEEE standards etc.
Unit-2
Internetworking with TCP/IP, Basic concepts, Principles, Protocols
and Architecture,
Address handling Internet protocols and protocol layering. DNS, Applications: TELNET,
RLOGN , FTP, TFTP, NFS, SMTP, POPL, IMAP, MIME, HTTP,STTP,DHCP, VOIP,
SNMP.
Unit-3
Introduction to Router, Configuring a Router, Interior & Exterior
Routing, RIP, Distance
Vector Routing, OSPF, BGP, Uni-cast, Multicast and Broadcast. Multicast routing
protocols: DVMRP, MOSPF, CBT, PIM, MBONE, EIGRP, CIDR, Multicast Trees,
Comparative study of IPv6 and IPv4.
Unit-4
VPN addressing and routing, VPN Host management, ATM Concepts,
Services Architecture,
Equipments and Implementation
Unit-5
Introduction to wireless transmission and medium access control,
wireless LAN: IEEE
802.11, Hipher LAN , Bluetooth Mobile Network and Transport layer, WAP GSM and
CDMA: Network architecture and management.
Introduction to distributed systems:
Architecture for Distributed System, Goals of Distributed system, Hardware and Software
concepts, Distributed Computing Model, Advantages & Disadvantage distributed system, Issues
in designing Distributed System,
Unit-2
Distributed Share Memory And Distributed File System:
Basic Concept of Distributed Share Memory (DSM), DSM Architecture & its Types, Design &
Implementations issues In DSM System, Structure of Share Memory Space, Consistency
Model, and Thrashing. Desirable features of good Distributed File System, File Model, File
Service Architecture, File Accessing Model, File Sharing Semantics, File Catching Scheme, File
Application & Fault tolerance. Naming: - Features, System Oriented Names, Object Locating
Mechanism, Human Oriented Name.
Unit-3
Inter Process Communication And Synchronization:
API for Internet Protocol, Data Representation & Marshaling, Group Communication, Client
Server Communication, RPC- Implementing RPC Mechanism, Stub Generation, RPC
Messages. Synchronization: - Clock Synchronization, Mutual Exclusion, Election Algorithms:-
Bully & Ring Algorithms.
Unit-4
Distributed Scheduling And Deadlock:
Distributed Scheduling-Issues in Load Distributing, Components for Load Distributing
Algorithms, Different Types of Load Distributing Algorithms, Task Migration and its issues.
Deadlock-Issues in deadlock detection & Resolutions, Deadlock Handling Strategy, Distributed
Deadlock Algorithms,
Unit-5
Distributed Multimedia & Database system:
Distributed Data Base Management System(DDBMS), Types of Distributed Database,
Distributed Multimedia:- Characteristics of multimedia Data, Quality of Service Managements.
Case Study of Distributed System:- Amoeba, Mach, Chorus
Introduction to compiling & Lexical Analysis:
Introduction of Compiler, Major data Structure in compiler, BOOT Strapping & Porting, Compiler
structure: analysis-synthesis model of compilation, various phases of a compiler, Lexical
analysis: Input buffering , Specification & Recognition of Tokens, LEX.
Unit-2
Syntax Analysis &Syntax Directed Translation:
Syntax analysis: CFGs, Top down parsing, Brute force approach, recursive descent parsing,
transformation on the grammars, predictive parsing, bottom up parsing, operator precedence
parsing, LR parsers (SLR,LALR, LR),Parser generation.Syntax directed definitions:
Construction of Syntax trees, Bottom up evaluation of S-attributed definition, L-attribute
definition, Top down translation, Bottom Up evaluation of inherited attributes Recursive
Evaluation, Analysis of Syntax directed definition.
Unit-3
Type Checking & Run Time Environment:
Type checking: type system, specification of simple type checker, equivalence of expression,
types, type conversion, overloading of functions and operations, polymorphic functions. Run
time Environment: storage organization, Storage allocation strategies, parameter passing,
dynamic storage allocation , Symbol table
Unit-4
Code Generation:
Intermediate code generation: Declarations, Assignment statements, Boolean expressions,
Case statements, Back patching, Procedure calls Code Generation: Issues in the design of
code generator, Basic block and flow graphs, Register allocation and assignment, DAG
representation of basic blocks, peephole optimization, generating code from DAG.
Unit-5
Code Optimization:
Introduction to Code optimization: sources of optimization of basic blocks, loops in flow graphs,
dead code elimination, loop optimization, Introduction to global data flow analysis, Code
Improving transformations ,Data flow analysis of structure flow graph Symbolic debugging of
optimized code.
Web Engineering: Introduction, History, Evolution and Need, Time line, Motivation, Categories
& Characteristics of Web Applications, Web Engineering Models, Software Engineering v/s Web.
Engineering. World Wide Web: Introduction to TCP/IP and WAP, DNS, Email, TelNet, HTTP
and FTP.
Browser and search engines: Introduction, Search fundamentals, Search strategies,
Directories search engines and Meta search engines, Working of the search engines.
Web Servers: Introduction, Features, caching, case study-IIS, Apache.
Unit-2
Information Architecture: Role, Collaboration and Communication, Organizing Information,
Organizational Challenges, Organizing Web sites parameters and Intranets.
Website Design: Development, Development phases, Design issues, Conceptual Design,
High-Level Design, Indexing the Right Stuff, Grouping Content. Architectural Page Mockups,
Design Sketches, Navigation Systems. Searching Systems, Good & bad web design, Process
of Web Publishing. Web-site enhancement, submission of website to search engines.
Web security: issues, security audit. Web effort estimation, Productivity Measurement, Quality
usability and reliability. Requirements Engineering for Web Applications: Introduction,
Fundamentals, Requirement Source, Type, ,Notations Tools. Principles Requirements
Engineering Activities, Adapting RE Methods to Web Application.
Unit-3
HTML and DHTML: Introduction, Structure of documents, Elements, Linking, Anchor Attributes,
Image Maps, Meta Information, Image Preliminaries, Layouts, Backgrounds, Colors and Text,
Fonts, Tables, Frames and layers, Audio and Video Support with HTML Database integration,
CSS, Positioning with Style sheets, Forms Control, Form Elements.
Introduction to CGI, PERL, JAVA SCRIPT, JSP, PHP, ASP & AJAX.
Cookies: Creating and Reading
Unit-4
XML: Introduction, HTML Vs XML, Validation of documents, DTD, Ways to use, XML for data
files, Embedding XML into HTML documents, Converting XML to HTML for Display, Displaying
XML using CSS and XSL, Rewriting HTML as XML, Relationship between HTML, SGML and
XML, web personalization , Semantic web, Semantic Web Services, Ontology.
Unit-5
E- Commerce: Business Models, Infrastructure, Creating an E-commerce Web Site,
Environment and Opportunities. Modes & Approaches, Marketing & Advertising Concepts.
Electronic Publishing issues, approaches, legalities and technologies,
Secure Web document, Digital Signatures and Firewalls, Cyber crime and laws, IT Act.
Electronic Cash, Electronic Payment Systems: RTGS, NEFT, Internet Banking, Credit/Debit
Card. Security: Digital Certificates & Signatures, SSL, SET, 3D Secure Protocol.
Digital Image fundamentals, A simple image model, Sampling and Quantization. Relationship
between pixels. Imaging geometry. Image acquisition systems, Different types of digital images.
Unit-2
Image transformations, Introduction to Fourier transforms, Discrete Fourier transforms, Fast
Fourier transform, Walsh transformation, Hadmord transformation, Discrete Cosine
Transformation.
Unit-3
Image enhancement, Filters in spatial and frequency domains, Histogram based processing.
Image subtraction, Averaging, Image smoothing, Nedion filtering, Low pass filtering, Image
sharpening by High pass filtering.
Unit-4
Image encoding and segmentation, Encoding: Mapping, Quantizer, Coder. Error free
compression, Lossy Compression schemes. JPEG Compression standard. Detection of
discontinuation by point detection, Line detection, edge detection, Edge linking and boundary
detection, Local analysis, Global processing via Hough transforms and graph theoretic
techniques.
Unit-5
Mathematical morphology- Binary, Dilation, crosses, Opening and closing, Simple methods of
representation, Signatures, Boundary segments, Skeleton of a region, Polynomial
approximation
Understanding Data: Data Wrangling and Exploratory Analysis, Data Transformation &
Cleaning, Feature Extraction, Data Visualization. Introduction to contemporary tools and
programming languages for data analysis like R and Python.
Unit-2
Statistical & Probabilistic analysis of Data: Multiple hypothesis testing, Parameter
Estimation methods, Confidence intervals, Bayesian statistics and Data Distributions.
Unit-3
. Introduction to machine learning: Supervised & unsupervised learning, classification &
clustering Algorithms, Dimensionality reduction: PCA & SVD, Correlation & Regression
analysis, Training & testing data: Overfitting & Under fitting.
Unit-4
Introduction to Information Retrieval:Boolean Model, Vector model, Probabilistic Model,
Text based search: Tokenization,TF-IDF, stop words and n-grams, synonyms and parts
of speech tagging.
Unit-5
Introduction to Web Search& Big data: Crawling and Indexes, Search Engine
architectures, Link Analysis and ranking algorithms such as HITS and PageRank,
Hadoop File system & MapReduce Paradigm.
Understanding Data: Data Wrangling and Exploratory Analysis, Data Transformation &
Cleaning, Feature Extraction, Data Visualization. Introduction to contemporary tools and
programming languages for data analysis like R and Python.
Unit-2
Public key Cryptography, Modulo arithmetic, Greatest common divisor, Euclidean
algorithm, RSA algorithm, hash function, attack on collision resistance, Diffie hellman key
exchange, Digital signature standard, elliptic curve cryptography.
Unit-3
Authentication: One way Authentication, password based, certificate based, Mutual
Authentication ,shared secret based, Asymmetric based, Authentication and key agreement,
centralized Authentication, eavesdropping, Kerberos, IP security overview:- security association &
Encapsulating security payload ,tunnel and transfer modes, internet key exchange protocol, Secure
Socket Layer(SSL), Transport Layer Security (TLS).
Unit-4
Software vulnerabilities: Phishing Attacks, buffer overflow vulnerability, Format String
attack, Cross Site Scripting, SQL injection Attacks, Email security:- Security services of E-mail
,Establishing keys, Privacy ,Authentication of the source, Message integrity ,Non-Repudiation,
Viruses, Worms, Malware.
Unit-5
Web Issue: Introduction, Uniform Resource Locator/uniform resource identify, HTTP,
Cookies, Web security problem, Penetration Testing, Firewalls:- functionality, Polices and Access
Control, Packet filters, Application level gateway, Encrypted tunnel, Security architecture,
Introduction to intrusion detection system.
Introduction to Neural Network: Concept, biological neural network, evolution of artificial
neural network, McCulloch-Pitts neuron models, Learning (Supervise & Unsupervise) and
activation function, Models of ANN-Feed forward network and feed back network, Learning RulesHebbian, Delta, Perceptron
Learning and Windrow-Hoff, winner take all.
Unit-2
Supervised Learning: Perceptron learning,- Single layer/multilayer, linear Separability,
Adaline, Madaline, Back propagation network, RBFN. Application of Neural network in forecasting,
data compression and image compression.
Unit-3
Unsupervised learning: Kohonen SOM (Theory, Architecture, Flow Chart, Training
Algorithm) Counter Propagation (Theory , Full Counter Propagation NET and Forward only counter
propagation net), ART (Theory, ART1, ART2). Application of Neural networks in pattern and face
recognition, intrusion detection, robotic vision.
Unit-4
Fuzzy Set: Basic Definition and Terminology, Set-theoretic Operations, Member Function,
Formulation and Parameterization, Fuzzy rules and fuzzy Reasoning, Extension Principal and
Fuzzy Relations, Fuzzy if-then Rules, Fuzzy Inference Systems. Hybrid system including neuro
fuzzy hybrid, neuro genetic hybrid and fuzzy genetic hybrid, fuzzy logic controlled GA. Application
of Fuzzy logic in solving engineering problems.
Unit-5
Genetic Algorithm: Introduction to GA, Simple Genetic Algorithm, terminology and
operators of GA (individual, gene, fitness, population, data structure, encoding, selection,
crossover, mutation, convergence criteria). Reasons for working of GA and Schema theorem, GA
optimization problems including JSPP (Job shop scheduling problem), TSP (Travelling salesman
problem), Network design routing, timetabling problem.
Introduction, Grasping the Fundamentals of Big Data, The Evolution of Data
Management, Defining Big Data, Building a Successful Big Data Management Architecture,
Beginning with capture, organize, integrate, analyze, and act, Setting the architectural
foundation, Performance matters, Big Data Types, Defining Structured Data, sources of big
structured data, role of relational databases in big data, Defining Unstructured Data, sources of
unstructured data, Integrating data types into a big data environment
Unit-2
IStatistics- Population, Sample, Sampled data, Sample space, Random sample,
Sampling distribution, Variable, Variation, Frequency, Random variable, Uniform random
variable, Exponential random variable, Mean, Median, Range, Mode, Variance, Standard
deviation, Correlation, Linear Correlation, Correlation and Causality, Regression, Linear
Regression, Linear Regression with Nonlinear Substitution, Classification, Classification
Criteria, NaiveBayes Classifier,SupportVector Machine.
Unit-3
Introduction Data Analytics, Drivers for analytics, Core Components of analytical data
architecture, Data warehouse architecture, column oriented database, Parallel vs. distributed
processing, Shared nothing data architecture and Massive parallel processing, Elastic
scalability, Data loading patterns, Data Analytics lifecycle: Discovery, Data Preparation, Model
Planning, Model Building, Communicating results and findings, Methods: K means clustering,
Associationrules.
Unit-4
Data Science Tools- Cluster Architecture vs Traditional Architecture, Hadoop, Hadoop
vs.Distributed databases, The building blocks of Hadoop, Hadoop datatypes, Hadoop software
stack, Deployment of Hadoop in data center, Hadoop infrastructure, HDFS concepts, Blocks,
Name nodes and Data nodes, Overview of HBase, Hive, Cassandra and Hypertable,Sqoop
Unit-5
Introduction to R, Data Manipulation and Statistical Analysis with R, Basics, Simple
manipulations, Numbers and vectors, Input/Output, Arrays and Matrices, Loops and
conditional execution, functions, Data Structures, Data transformations, Strings and dates,
Graphics.
Data Warehousing: Need for data warehousing , Basic elements of data warehousing,
Data Mart, Data Warehouse Architecture, extract and load Process, Clean and Transform data,
Star ,Snowflake and Galaxy Schemas for Multidimensional databases, Fact and dimension data,
Partitioning Strategy-Horizontal and Vertical Partitioning.
Unit-2
Data Warehouse and OLAP technology, Multidimensional data models and different
OLAP Operations, OLAP Server: ROLAP, MOLAP, Data Warehouse implementation,
Efficient Computation of Data Cubes, Processing of OLAP queries, Indexing data.
Unit-3
Data Mining: Data Preprocessing ,Data Integration and Transformation, Data Reduction,
Discretizaion and Concept Hierarchy Generation , Basics of data mining, Data mining techniques,
KDP (Knowledge Discovery Process), Application and Challenges of Data Mining, Introduction of
Web Structure Mining, Web Usage Mining, Spatial Mining, Text Mining, Security Issue, Privacy
Issue, Ethical Issue.
Unit-4
:Mining Association Rules in Large Databases: Association Rule Mining, SingleDimensional Boolean Association Rules,
Multi-Level Association Rule, Apriori Algorithm, FpGrowth Algorithm, Time series mining association rules, latest trends
in association rules mining.
Unit-5
Introduction to Web Search& Big data: Crawling and Indexes, Search Engine
architectures, Link Analysis and ranking algorithms such as HITS and PageRank,
Hadoop File system & MapReduce Paradigm.
Introduction: Historical development ,Vision of Cloud Computing, Characteristics of cloud computing as
per NIST , Cloud computing reference model ,Cloud computing environments, Cloud services requirements,
Cloud and dynamic infrastructure, Cloud Adoption and rudiments .Overview of cloud applications: ECG
Analysis in the cloud, Protein structure prediction, Gene Expression Data Analysis ,Satellite Image
Processing ,CRM and ERP ,Social networking .
Unit-2
Cloud Computing Architecture: Cloud Reference Model, Types of Clouds, Cloud Interoperability &
Standards, Scalability and Fault Tolerance.
Cloud Solutions: Cloud Ecosystem, Cloud Business Process Management, Cloud Service Management.
Cloud Offerings: Cloud Analytics, Testing Under Control, Virtual Desktop Infrastructure.
Unit-3
Cloud Management & Virtualization Technology: Resiliency, Provisioning, Asset management, Concepts
of Map reduce , Cloud Governance, High Availability and Disaster Recovery. Virtualization: Fundamental
concepts of compute ,storage, networking, desktop and application virtualization .Virtualization benefits,
server virtualization, Block and file level storage virtualization Hypervisor management software,
Infrastructure Requirements , Virtual LAN(VLAN) and Virtual SAN(VSAN) and their benefits .
IMarket Based Management of Clouds , Federated Clouds/Inter Cloud: Characterization & Definition ,Cloud
Federation Stack , Third Party Cloud Services .
Case study : Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure , Hadoop , Amazon , Aneka
Overview of Object Oriented concepts: Objects and classes, abstraction, generalization and
inheritance, encapsulation, multiple inheritance, aggregation abstraction classes, polymorphism, link
and association, Need for object oriented approach.
Unit-2
System design life cycle, object oriented S/W development process model, Object Oriented
Analysis, Object Modeling Technique (OMT): object model, function model, relationship among
models, object diagrams, state diagrams, data flow diagrams, analysis.
Unit-3
Object oriented Design: Overview of object design, Combination the models, Designing
algorithms, design optimization, Implementation of control, Adjustment, Design of association, object
representation, physical packaging, documenting design decision, comparison of use-case driven approach.
Unit-4
Translation Object Oriented design into implementation, Programming style, Documentation,
characterization of object oriented languages, Comparison of object oriented language like C++,
JAVA, object programming.
Unit-5
Unified Modeling Language (UML): Class diagram sequence diagram Use case diagram,
Collaboration, diagram, state, chart diagram, Activity diagram, component diagram, deployment
diagram, Object oriented Database: Relational Vs .object oriented database, the architecture of object
oriented database, query language for Object Oriented database.
Antenna , radiation pattern, antenna types, antenna gain, propagation modes, types of fading. Model
for wireless digital communication, multiple access technique-SDMA, TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, DAMA,
PRMA, MAC/CA, Cellular network organization, operations of cellular system, mobile radio propogation
effects, , handoff, power control, sectorization, traffic engineering, Infinite sources, lost calls cleared, grade
of service, poison arrival process.
Unit-2
GSM- Services, system architecture, radio interface, logical channels, protocols, localization and
calling, handover, security, HSCSD, GPRS-architecture, Interfaces, Channels, mobility management DECT,
TETRA, UMTS.
Unit-3
IEEE 802.11: LAN-architecture, 802.11 a, b and g, protocol architecture, physical layer, MAC
layer , MAC management, HIPERLAN-protocol architecture, physical layer, access control sub layer, MAC
sub layer. Bluetooth-user scenarios- physical layer, MAC layer.
Unit-4
Mobile IP, DHCP, Ad hoc networks: Characteristics, performance issue, routing in mobile host.
Wireless sensor network, Mobile transport layer: Indirect TCP, Snooping TCP, Mobile TCP, Time out
freezing, Selective retransmission, transaction oriented TCP. Introduction to WAP.
Unit-5
Intruders, Intrusion detection, password management, viruses and related threads, worms, trojan
horse defense, difference biometrics and authentication system, firewall design principle.
Cybercrimes and Attacks:
Introduction, Classifications of Cybercrimes: E-Mail Spoofing, Spamming, Cyber defamation,
Industrial Spying/Industrial Espionage, Hacking, Software Piracy, Password Sniffing, Credit Card
Frauds, Cyberstalking, Botnets, Phishing, Pharming, Man-in-the-Middle attack, Password
Cracking, Keyloggers and Spywares, Virus and Worms, Trojan Horses and Backdoors, DoS and
DDoS Attacks, SQL Injection, Buffer Overflow, Malware, Ransomware, Types of Identity Theft,
Techniques of ID Theft, Cyber terrorism, Browser Attacks, Reverse Engineering, Cross site
scripting.
Unit-2
Cyber Security Concepts:
Introduction to Cyber Security, Cyber Security Goals, Cyber Security policy, Domain of Cyber
Security Policy, Elements, Cyber Security Evolution, Implementing Hardware Based Security,
Software Based Firewalls, Security Standards, Assessing Threat Levels, Forming an Incident
Response Team, Reporting Cybercrime, Difference between cyber forensics and cyber security.
Unit-3
Cyber Forensics Fundamentals:
Introduction to cyber forensics, needs of cyber forensic, cyber forensic and digital evidences,
Internet Fraud, Storage Fundamentals, File System Concepts, challenges in cyber forensic, Data
and Evidence Recovery- Deleted File Recovery, Data Recovery Tools, Data Recovery Procedures
and Ethics, Preserve and safely handle original media, Document a "Chain of Custody", Complete
time line analysis of computer files based on file creation, file modification and file access,
Recover Internet Usage Data, Recover Swap Files/Temporary Files/Cache Files, Introduction to
Encase Forensic Edition, Forensic Tool Kit (FTK) etc.
Unit-4
Cyber Forensics Investigation Introduction to Cyber Forensic Investigation, Investigation
Tools, e-Discovery, Digital Evidence Collection, Evidence Preservation, E-Mail Investigation, E-Mail
Tracking, IP Tracking, E-Mail Recovery, Encryption and Decryption methods, Search and Seizure of
Computers, Recovering deleted evidences, Password Cracking.
Unit-5
Cyber Laws:
Introduction to IT laws & Cyber Crimes, Cyber Laws, IPR, Legal System of Information
Technology, Social Engineering.
Fundamentals of technical systems, systems approach fundamentals, assemblies and
components, phases and interactions of design process, design tools and resources, standards
and codes, uncertainty and reliability, design based on reliability,
Unit-2
Design based on theory of elasticity, deign based on theory of plasticity, design based on
failure analysis, failure modes of mechanical components, statistical approach to failure and
design modifications, design based on propagation of defects in production and life cycle of
components.
Unit-3
Design based on tribology, effect of variable coefficient of friction, effect of variability of
modulus of elasticity, effect of different lubrication parameters, Effect of surface
characteristics. Effect of different kinds of wear and design changes as per wear
mechanisms.
Unit-4
Limit design analysis, simple case of deformation beyond elastic limit, design of parts of
unsymmetrical sections, shear centre of different engineering sections, parts subjected to
unsymmetrical bending,
Unit-5
Strain gauges, electrical wire resistance gages, bonding gage factor, measuring circuits,
strain gage rosette, potentiometric circuits, circuit sensitivity, application of straingages in
practical problems, photoelasticity, photoelastic bench, stress analysis,
Various design soft ware and applications
Introduction: Principles and methods of refrigeration, freezing; mixture cooling by gas
reversible expansion, throttling, evaporation, Joule Thomson effect and reverse Carnot cycle;
unit of refrigeration, coefficient of performance, vortex tube & thermoelectric refrigeration,
adiabatic demagnetization; air refrigeration cycles- Joule’s cycle Boot-strap cycle, reduced
ambient cycle and regenerative cooling
cycles.
Unit-2
Vapor compression system: Vapor compression cycle, p-h and t-s diagrams, deviations
from theoretical cycle, sub-cooling and super heating, effects of condenser and evaporator
pressure on cop; multi-pressure system: removal of flash gas, multiple expansion & compression
with flash inter cooling; low temperature refrigeration: production of low temperatures, cascade
system, dry ice, production of dry ice, air liquefaction system.
Unit-3
(a) Vapor absorption system: Theoretical and practical systems such as aquaammonia,
electrolux & other systems;
(b) Steam jet refrigeration: Principles and working, simple cycle of
operation, description and working of simple system,
(c) refrigerants: nomenclature &
classification, desirable properties, common refrigeration, comparative study, leak detection
methods, environment friendly refrigerants and refrigerant mixtures, brine and its properties
Unit-4
Psychometric: Calculation of psychometric properties of air by table and charts;
psychometric processes: sensible heating and cooling, evaporative cooling, cooling and
dehumidification, heating and humidification, mixing of air stream, sensible heat factor;
principle of air conditioning, requirements of comfort air conditioning, ventilation standards,
infiltrated air load, fresh air load human comfort, effective temperature & chart, heat production
& regulation of human body.
Unit-5
Air conditioning loads: calculation of summer & winter air conditioning load, bypass
factor of coil, calculation of supply air rate & its condition, room sensible heat factor, grand
sensible heat factor, effective sensible heat factor, dehumidified air quantity. Problems on
cooling load calculation. Air distribution and ventilation systems
Introduction, history of tribology, early scientific studies of - friction, Wear Lubrication.
Tribo-Surface preparations and characteristics. Surface contacts, Hertz contact stresses,
residual stress, surface fatigue, creep, stress relaxation, fracture mechanics, elastic, visco
elastic and plastic behavior of materials. Choice of materials.
Unit-2
Friction, laws of friction, rolling/sliding friction, theory of adhesion and abrasion, different
mechanisms of friction , stick slip characteristics, interface temperature, thermal analysis,
Molecular mechanical theory of friction, operating conditions and system parameters,
calculations of coefficient of friction, design of friction devices.
Unit-3
Wear, different types of wear mechanisms, adhesive, abrasive impact,percussion erosion,
fretting wear calculations of wear rate, two body/ three body wear, wear prevention, wear of
metal cutting and metal forming tools, wear mapping of materials, cavitation, surface
fatigue, corrosion, performance levels classifications and specifications of lubricants.
Unit-4
Lubrication, lubricants and additives, composition and properties of lubricants, maintenance
of oil and emulsions, industrial hygiene aspects, technical regulations for lubricants.
boundary/ mixed and fluid film lubrication, industrial methods of lubrications, SAE,BIS,
ASTM, IP, DIN Standards.oil testings.wear and chemistry of lubricants.
Unit-5
Nano tribology, Instrumental tests,. Bearings, clutches and brakes, slide units, dynamic seals,
Automobile applications, machine tools/ press machines applications. Other applications
and case studies.
Maintenance, definition, preventive, corrective, on- line off- line maintenance, window
maintenance, emergency, reconditioning, design out maintenance . “ product- item- machine
– plant structure characteristics. Design , cost and safety aspects.
Unit-2
Production- maintenance system, Maintenability, Maintenance procedures, guidelines for
matching procedures to items, universal maintenance procedures. shutdown programs.
Unit-3
Maintenance organization, work load, resource characteristics, administrative structure, work
planning, scheduling and control strategy, feed back, combinations of manpower, tools and
spares. Documentations. Network planning, computer based management information
systems.
Unit-4
restoration of components, assembly, disassembly bush bearing, housings, Ball and roller
bearings, key-splines, couplings shafts- lead screw fittings, clutches- brakes, belt pulley,
chain sprocket, guideways, machine hydraulics, pneumatics, electrical works and motors,
seals, and packings. Fasteners , welding, machining, repair cycles, repair complexities,
maintenance stages. Lubrication, accuracies and technological test charts.
Unit-5
Failure statistics, Failure data, failure patterns/ statistical models, Failure analysis,
applications of different models, Depreciation and average machine life. case studies.
Introduction : Periodical motion, harmonic motion, the vector method of
representing vibrations, displacement, velocity and acceleration in harmonic
motion, work done in harmonic motion, superposition of simple harmonic motion,
beat phenomenon, non harmonic periodic motions. Harmonic analysis
System having single degree of freedom, free vibration of systems without
damping, Equilibrium and Energy Method for determining natural
frequency. Reyleigh’s Method, Equivalent Systems (systems with
compound springs, shafts of different diameter Equivalent length, effects of
mass of spring and shaft).
Free vibration of systems with Viscous, Coulomb and Structural damping.
Equations of motion – Discussion of its solutions.
Electrical Analogies : Electric circuit principles, equivalent circuits.
Unit-2
Forced vibrations of systems with and without damping (viscous and coulomb),
Method of complex algebra, equivalent viscous damping, impressed force due to
unbalance, inadmissibility, support motion, Vibration isolation, commercial
isolators.
Unit-3
System with two-degree of freedom : Normal mode vibrations, Torsional
systems, Coupled vibrations,
General solution in terms of normal mode, vehicle suspension, Undamped
dynamic vibration absorber,
Centrifugal absorber, friction damper.
Whirling of shafts : Whirling of light flexible shaft with an unbalance disk at
the centre of its length with and without damping, discussion of the
speeds above and below the critical speed, uniform shaft with and without
unbalanced masses attached along its length (by Rayleigh Method) for
simply supported and fixed ends.
Unit-4
Multiple degree of freedom system, introduction, modelling of continuous system
as multiple degree of freedom system, newton’s law to derive equation of motion,
influence coefficients, equation of motion of undamped system in matrix form,
Eigen value problems and solutions., Free vibration of undamped system, Forced
vibration of undamped system and viscous damped system.
Unit-5
Vibration Measurement : Principle of frequency, amplitude, velocity and
acceleration measuring instruments, frequency response plots, phase shift plots,
analysis of vibration records.
Chassis & Body Engg: Types, Technical details of commercial vehicles, types of chassis,
lay out, types of frames, testing of frames for bending & torsion on unutilized body frame,
vehicle body and their construction, driver’s visibility and methods for improvement, safety
aspects of vehicles, vehicle aerodynamics, optimization of body shape, driver’s cab design,
body materials, location of engine, front wheel and rear wheel drive, four wheel drive.
Unit-2
Steering System: front axle beam, stub axle, front wheel assembly, principles of types of
wheel alignment, front wheel geometry viz. camber, Kingpin inclination, castor, toe-in and toeout, condition for true
rolling motion, centre point steering, directional stability of vehicles,
steering gear, power steering, slip angle, cornering power, over steer & under steer, gyroscopic
effect on steering gears.
Unit-3
Transmission System: Function and types of clutches, single plate, multi-plate clutch,
roller & spring clutch, clutch lining and bonding, double declutching, types of gear Boxes,
synchroniser, gear materials, determination of gear ratio for vehicles, gear box performance at
different vehicle speed, automatic transmission, torque converters, fluid coupling, principle of
hydrostatic drive, propeller shaft, constant velocity universal joints, differential gear box, rear
axle construction.
Unit-4
Suspension system : Basic suspension movements, Independent front & rear
suspension, shock absorber, type of springs: leaf spring, coil spring, air spring, torsion bar,
location of shackles, power calculations, resistance to vehicle motion during acceleration and
breaking, power & torque curve, torque & mechanical efficiency at different vehicle speeds,
weight transfer, braking systems, disc theory, mechanical, hydraulic & pneumatic power brake
systems, performance, self-energisation, airbleeding of hydraulic brakes, types of wheels and
tyres, tyre specifications, construction and material properties of tyres & tubes.
Unit-5
Electrical and Control Systems: storage battery, construction and operation of lead acid
battery, testing of battery, principle of operation of starting mechanism, different drive systems,
starter relay switch, regulator electric fuel gauge, fuel pump, horn, wiper, Lighting system, head
light dazzling, signaling devices, battery operated vehicles, choppers. importance of
maintenance, scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, wheel alignment, trouble Shooting
probable causes & remedies of various systems, microprocessor based control system for
automobile, intelligent automobile control systems.
Unit-6
Emission standards and pollution control: Indian standards for automotive vehiclesBharat I and II, Euro-I and Euro-II
norms, fuel quality standards, environmental management
systems for automotive vehicles, catalytic converters, fuel additives, and modern trends in
automotive engine efficiency and emission control.
Linear system and distribution models: Mathematical formulation of linear systems by
LP, solution of LP for two variables only, special cases of transportation and assignment and its
solution, Vogel’s forward looking penalty method, cell evaluation degeneracy, use of SW Lindo,
Tora, Excell.
Unit-2
Supply chain (SCM): Definition, importance, expenditure and opportunities in SCM;
integration of inbound, outbound logistics and manufacturing to SCM, flow of material money
and information, difficulties in SCM due to local v/s system wide (global) optimization and
uncertainties in demand and transportation; Bull-whip effect; customer value; IT, info-sharing
and strategic partnerships; plant and warehouse-network configuration; supply contracts and
revenue sharing; outsourcing; transportation, cross docking and distribution, forecasting models
in SCM; coordination and leadership issues; change of purchasing role and vendor rating,
variability from multiple suppliers.
Unit-3
Inventory models: Necessity of inventory in process and safety stock, problem of
excess inventory and cycle time (=WIP/ Throughput), JIT/ lean mfg; basic EOQ/ EPQ models for
constant review Q-system(S,s); periodic review, base stock P-system; service level, lead time
variance and safety stock;; ABC, VED and other analysis based on shelf life, movement, size,
MRP technique and calculations, lot sizing in MRP, linking MRP with JIT; evolution of MRP to
ERP to SCM and e-business.
Unit-4
(a) Waiting Line Models: Introduction, Input process, service mechanism, Queue
discipline, single server (M/M/1) average length and times by Little’s formula, optimum service
rate; basic multiple server models (M/M/s).
(b) Competitive strategy: concept and terminology, assumptions, pure and mixed strategies,
zero sum games, saddle point, dominance, graphical, algebraic and LP methods for solving
game theory problems.
Unit-5
(a) Decision analysis: decision under certainty, risk probability and uncertainty;
Hurwicz criteria; AHP- assigning weight and consistency test of AHP
(b) Meta-heuristics: Definition of heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms; introduction to Tabu
search, Simulated Annealing and Genetic algorithms and solution of traveling salesman and
non linear optimization problems.
Classification, General Requirements and Design Recommendations of Machine Tools.
Cutting forces in various machining processes and power requirements of various
Machine Tools such as Lathe Machine, Drilling Machine, Shaping Machine, Milling
Machine, Grinding Machine and Broaching Machine.
Unit-2
Kinematics of Machine Tool Drives, Classification, selection of maximum and minimum
cutting speeds and feeds, series of spindle speed, standard series and value of common
ratio, determining common ratio and transmission ratio for drives powered by multispeed
electric motor, Semigraphical method for transmission ratio, structures deviating from
normal uniform structures, gear box layout and teeth calculations, step less regulationsElectrical and Mechanical.
Unit-3
Design aspects of Machine Tool Elements, Framework, Guides, Spindle Bearing and
Power Screws.
Unit-4
Lubrication and Rigidity in Machine Tools, Introduction, Steps in selecting proper
lubrication oil, Frictional conditions of working, Specifications of lubrication oil, Rigidity of
Machine Tool Units, Rigidity of recirculating ball Screw Assembly, overall static rigidity of
machine tools, dynamic rigidity of machine tools
Unit-5
Stick slip vibration in machine tools, Vibration isolated tool holders, Forced vibrations in
machine tools, Shock Absorber self excited vibrations or chatter.
Nuclear reactions and artificial radioactivity, introduction, energy and world, nuclear heat
energy, nuclear fission and fusion and nuclear reactors, carbon dating, particle
accelerators, International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, ITER, Large hadron
collider, LHC, Radiation and materials, Biological effects of radiation, Nuclear propulsion,
Radiation protection, Waste disposal.
Unit-2
Solar energy, Introduction, an overview of thermal applications, Sun and geographic
availability, Solar radiation, Thermal energy storage and utilisation, Solar pond, Solar
heaters, Solar collectors, Solar systems design, Passive heating systems, Economic
analysis.
Unit-3
Wind technology- Introduction, Nature of wind, Place and direction, Energy in wind,wind
data, Multi blade propeller type wind mill units and power calculations, Standardization,
Conversion effectiveness to electrical and Mechanical Energy, Connectivity with grid,
Wind machines classifications and applications, Turbines-Design and performance.
Unit-4
Biomass technology, Introduction, Direct and indirect methods of bio mass resource
utilisation, Energy plantation, Biomass classification, Biomass general chemical
thermodynamics, Combustion.
Unit-5
Hydrogen energy-Introduction, Collection and safety, Comparison with other power
sources and effectiveness, Reforming and collection of hydrogen from water and
hydrocarbons, Hydrogen fuel cells, Fuel cell efficiencies.
Introduction: Design problem-Mathematical programming methods, computer aided design- Mathematical
formulation of the problem. Programming techniques (LP & NLP only), Methods of solution,
Unconstrained optimization problems, constrained optimization problems.
Unit-2
Optimal design of DC machine: Design of armature, Windings and field systems, Selection of variables
for optimal design, Formulation of design equations, Objective function, Constraint functions, Algorithms
for optimal design.
Unit-3
Optimal design of power transformer: Design of magnetic circuit, Design of windings, Selection of
variables for optimal design, Formulation of design equations, Objective function, Constraint functions,
Algorithms for optimal design.
Unit-4
Optimal design for 3-phase alternator: Design of stator, windings, Design of Field systems for salient pole
and non-salient pole machines, Selection of variables for optimal design, Formulation of design equations,
Objective function, Constraint functions, Algorithms for optimal design.
Unit-5
Optimal design of 3-phase induction motor: Design of stator, Windings Design of squirrel cage rotor,
Design of slip ring rotor, Selection of variables for optimal design, Formulation of design equations,
Objective functions Constraint functions, Algorithms for optimal design.
Introduction, power quality -voltage quality, power quality evaluations procedures term and definition:
general classes of power quality problem, causes & effect of power quality disturbances
Unit-2
Loads that causes power quality problems, State of art on Passive shunt and series compensation,
Classification and working of passive shunt and series compensation, Classification, Principle and control
of active shunt compensator: DSTATCOM, Active series compensators, working and its control.
Unit-3
Introduction to unified power quality compensators, classification, working and operation of UPQC.
Unit-4
Voltage sags and interruption: sources of sags and interruption, estimating voltages sag performance,
fundamental principles of protection, monitoring sags.
Transients over voltages: sources of transient over voltages, principles of over voltages protection, utility
capacitor switching transients, fundamentals of harmonics and harmonics distortion, harmonics sources
from commercial load and from industrial loads.
Unit-5
Applied harmonics : harmonics distortion evaluations, principles for controlling harmonics, harmonics
studies devices for controlling harmonic distortion, Shunt active and passive filters, their operation and
control.
Stepper Motors: Discretisation of angular position by stepper structures, stepping angle and frequency of
excitation. VR and PM rotor structures and their torque production, torque angle characteristics. The
hybrid structure and torque production by permanent magnet and excitation fluxes. Power electronic
converters for stepper motors, control by load angle.
Unit-2
Switched reluctance motor, static torque production, partition of energy and the effects of saturation,
Dynamic torque production, torque speed characteristics, shaft position sensing, solid rotors.
Unit-3
BrushLess DC Motor construction and principle, speed control, basic concept of torque, outer and inner
rotor, magnetic circuit concept, electrical analogy, winding pattern series and parallel, Thermal
consideration.
Unit-4
Permanent magnet materials and circuits; Characteristics, parameters, properties, classification and
calculations, Permanent magnet motors, D.C. brushed motors, design analysis and control and
applications.
Unit-5
PM synchronous motors, rotor construction, theory, operation, control and applications. PM step motors,
hybrid step motors, sensorless control, reduction of torque pulsations; Case studies such electric vehicles,
industrial drives, PV fed water pumping.
Introduction to renewable sources: world energy scenario, Wind, solar, hydro, geothermal,
availability and power extraction. Introduction to solar energy: Photovoltaic effect, basics of
power generation, P-V & I-V characteristics, effect of insolation, temperature, shading; Modules,
connections, ratings; Power extraction (MPP), tracking and MPPT schemes; standalone systems,
grid interface, storage, AC-DC loads.
Unit-2
Power converters for solar: Micro converter, DC-DC buck/boost/buck-boost /flyback
/forward/cuk, bidirectional converters; Inverters: 1ph, 3ph inverters Multilevel Neutral point
clamp, Modular multilevel, CSI; Control schemes: unipolar, bipolar.
Unit-3
Single phase and three-phase back Controllers. Triggering techniques for power factor and
harmonic controls. Design and analysis of phase control circuits. Solid state transfer switches.
Concept of three-phase to single phase and single phase to three-phase cyclo-converter. Effect of
source inductance. Concept of PWM techniques single and multiple pulse form. Working of
STATCON, SVC, UPS, SMPS.
Unit-4
Intro to wind energy: P-V, I-V characteristic, wind power system: turbine-generator-inverter,
mechanical control, ratings; Power extraction (MPP) and MPPT schemes. PLL and
synchronization, power balancing / bypass, Parallel power processing; Grid connection issues:
leakage current, Islanding mode, harmonics, Mitigation of harmonics, filters, passive filters,
Active filters, active/reactive power feeding, unbalance.
Unit-5
Generators for wind: DC generator with DC to AC converters; Induction generator with & w/o
converter; Synchronous generator with back to back controlled/ uncontrolled converter; Doubly
fed induction generator with rotor side converter topologies; permanent magnet based generators.
Battery: Types, charging discharging.
Introduction to computer network, classification of networks (WAN, MAN, LAN), distributed
systems, digital signals and data rates, bit stream, symbols and band rate, transmission media,
modems, structure of computer network, circuit, packet, message switching topological design,
back bone design OSI, reference model.
Unit-2
Physical and data link layer, bit communication between DTE and DCE, RS232C, novel modem
Terminal handling, multiplexing and concentration data link layer service and design issues,
errors detection and correction, retransmission strategies, sliding window protocols, satellite and
packet radio networks, pure aloha protocols, slotted aloha protocol, satellite networks, reservation
aloha protocol, DES, PCEM, packet radio networks.
Unit-3
Network layer, basic design issues, network layer services, connection oriented and connection
less services, routing, static multipath, centralized isolated distributed hierarchical broadcast, flow
based routing, congestion deadlocks radio concept of Ethernet LAN topology and architecture
CSMA/CD protocol, token ring LAN token bus LAN, Fiber optic LAN principle of LAN bridges,
transparent bridge source routing bridges, gateway, gateway design issues x25 internet working.
Unit-4
ISDN, B-ISDN and ATM, evolution of ISDN, goal of ISDN services, ISDN system architecture
and network terminating devices ISDN interface ISDN signaling, broad band ISDN,
Asynchronomous transfer modem ATM adaptation layer, transport layer, OSI transport protocol,
session layer designing issues, data exchange OSI session layer primitives, transport protocol
TCP.
Unit-5
Presentation layer, abstract syntax notation data compressed on oxyptography, application layer
OST service elements ACSE and CCR, the transfer access and management, concurrence control
nistual terminals, electronic mail directory services distributed systems, formal protocol modules,
network management, mobile networking.
Unit-6
Networking Equipments and Monitoring Tools Routers, Modems, Switches, Gateways, online
networking
monitoring tools, Network security, Proxy Server design.
Control of D.C. motors by converters: Introduction to Thyristor Controlled Drives, single phase
semi and fully controlled converters and three semi and fully controlled converters connected to d.c.
separately excited and d.c. series motors-continuous current operation, Output voltage and current
waveforms, Speed and Torque expression, Speed-Torque Characteristics, Problems on converter fed
d.c. motors.
Unit-2
Four quadrant operation of D.C. Drives: Introduction to Four quadrant operation, Motoring
operations, Electric braking, Plugging, dynamic and regenerative braking operations. Four quadrant
operation of D.C. motor by Dual converters-Closed loop operation of DC motor (Block diagram only)
Control of D.C. Motors by Choppers:-Single quadrant, Two-quadrant and four quadrant chopper fed
d.c. separately excited and series excited motors, Continuous current operation, Output voltage and
current waveforms-Speed torques expressions-Speed torque characteristics, Problems on Chopper fed
d.c. motors, Closed loop operation (Block diagram only).
Unit-3
Control of Induction Motors on stator side: Control of Induction Motor by AC Voltage
controllers- Waveforms, Speed torque characteristics, Variable frequency control of induction motor
by Voltage Source, Current Source inverters and cycloconverters, PWM control Comparison of VSI
& CSI operations, Speed- torque Characteristics, Numerical problems on induction motor drives,
Closed loop operation of induction motor drives. (Block diagram only)
Unit-4
Control of Induction Motors from rotor side: Static rotor resistance control, Slip power recovery
static Scherbius Drive, Static Kramer Drive, Their performance and speed torque characteristics
advantages- application-problems.
Unit-5
Control of Synchronous Motors: Separate control & Self control of synchronous motors, Operation
of self controlled synchronous motors by VSI, CSI and Cycloconverters. Load commutated CSI fed
Synchronous motor, Operation, Waveform, Speed torque Characteristics, Application, Advantage,
Numerical problems, Closed loop operation os synchronous motors drives. (Block diagram only)
Models of power system components, network model using graph theory, formation of Z bus,
transmission line models, regulating transformer, line loadability, capability curves of
alternator.
Unit-2
Control of load bus voltage using reactive power control variable, SVC & SVS, Regulated
shunt compensation, series and shunt compensation, Uniform series and shunt
compensation and effect on loadability of transmission lines.
Unit-3
Sensitivity analysis: General sensitivity relations, generation shift distribution factors, line
outage distribution factors, compensated shift factors, sensitivity associated with voltageVAR, sensitivities relating
load bus voltage changes in terms of PV bus voltage changes,
sensitivity relating changes in reactive power generation for changes in PV Bus Voltage.
Unit-4
Power system security: Security functions, Security level, contingency analysis, security
control, economic dispatch using LP formulation, pre-contingency and post- contingency,
corrective rescheduling.
Unit-5
Voltage stability: Difference between voltage and angle stability, PV Curve for voltage stability
assessment, proximity and mechanism, modal analysis using reduced Jacobian, participation
factor, effect of series and shunt compensation on voltage stability , effect of load models.
Renewable Energy Systems:
Energy Sources, Comparison of Conventional and non-conventional, renewable and non-renewable
sources. Statistics of world resources and data on different sources globally and in Indian context.
Significance of renewable sources and their exploitation. Energy planning, Energy efficiency and
management.
Unit-2
Wind Energy System:
Wind Energy, Wind Mills, Grid connected systems. System configuration, working principles,
limitations. Effects of wind speed and grid conditions. Grid independent systems - wind-battery,
winddiesel, wind-hydro biomass etc. wind operated pumps, controller for energy balance.Small Hydro
System Grid connected system, system configuration, working principles, limitations. Effect of hydro
potential and grid condition. Synchronous versus Induction Generator for stand alone systems. Use of
electronic load controllers and self excited induction generators.Wave Energy System: System
configuration: grid connected and hybrid systems.
Unit-3
Solar Radiation:
Extraterrestrial solar radiation, terrestrial solar radiation, Solar thermal conversion.
Solar Photo tonic System:
Solar cell, Solar cell materials, efficiency, Characteristics of PV panels under varying insulation. PV
operated lighting and water pumps, characteristics of motors and pumps connected to PV panels.
Biomass Energy System: System configuration, Biomass engine driven generators, feeding loads in
stand-alone or hybrid modes, Biomass energy and their characteristics.
Unit-4
Energy from oceans:
Ocean temperature difference, Principles of OTEC, plant operations.
Geothermal Energy:
Electric Energy from gaseous cells, Magneto-hydro generated energy, Non hazardous energy from
nuclear wastes, Possibilities of other modern non-conventional energy sources.
Unit-5
Electric Energy Conservation:
Energy efficient motors and other equipment. Energy saving in Power Electronic controlled drives.
Electricity saving in pumps, air-conditioning, power plants, process industries, illumination etc.
Methods of Energy Audit:
Measurements systems; efficiency measurements. energy regulation, typical case studies, various
measuring devices analog and digital, use of thyristers.
Power System Fundamentals:
Regulation and Deregulation, condition for deregulation, problems with regulation, risk management,
congestion management, ATC, screening curve.
Unit-2
Competitions in Power Market:
What is competition, efficiency of perfect competition, marginal cost in power market, role of marginal cost,
working with marginal cost, results of marginal cost.
Unit-3
Market Power And Structure:
Define market power, price quality outcomes, three stages of market power, using price quality outcomes to
show power, monopoly in power auction, market power on demand side.
Unit-4
Restructure:
Fundamental restructure system, transmission pricing, restructure models, OASIS, structure of OASIS,
transfer capability of OASIS.
Unit-5
Designing And Testing Market Rules:
Design for competitive prices, testing of market design, designing to reduce market power.
Shallow Foundations: Type of foundations shallow and deep. Bearing capacity of
foundation on cohesion less and cohesive soils. General and local shear failures. Factors
effecting B.C. Theories of bearing capacity - Prandle, Terzaghi, Balla, Skempton, Meyerh of and
Hansan. I.S. code on B.c. Determination of bearing capacity. Limits of total and differential
settlements. Plate load test.
Unit-2
Deep Foundation: Pile foundation, Types of piles, estimation of individual and group
capacity of piles in cohesion less and cohesive soils. Static and dynamic formulae.. Pile load test,
Settlement of pile group, Negative skin friction, under- reamed piles and their design. Piles under
tension, inclined and lateral load Caissons. Well foundation. Equilibrium of wells. Analysis for
stability tilts and shifts, remedial measures.
Unit-3
Soil Improvement Techniques: Compaction. Field and laboratory methods, Proctor
compaction tests, Factors affecting compaction. Properties of soil affected by compaction.
Various equipment for field compaction and their suitability. Field compaction control. Lift
thickness.
Soil stabilisation : Mechanical, Lime, Cement, Bitumen, Chemical, Thermal, Electricalstabilisation and sabilisation by
grouting. Geo-synthetics, types, functions, materials and uses.
Unit-4
Soil Exploration and Foundations on Expansive and Collapsible soils:
Methods
of soil exploration. Planning of exploration programme for buildings, highways and earth dams.
Disturbed and undisturbed samples and samplers for collecting them. Characteristics of
expansive and collapsible soils, their treatment, Construction techniques on expansive and
collapsible soils. CNS layer.
Unit-5
Sheet piles/Bulkheads and Machine foundation : Classification of sheet
piles/bulkheads. Cantilever and anchored sheet piles, Cofferdams, materials, types and
applications.
Modes of vibration. Mass-spring analogy, Natural frequency. Effect of vibration on soils.
Vibration isolation. Criteria for design. Design of block foundation for impact type of machine.
Traffic Characteristics: Road user’s characteristics - general human characteristics,
physical, mental and emotional factors, factors affecting reaction time, PIEV theory. Vehicular
characteristics: Characteristics affecting road design-width, height, length and other dimensions.
weight, power, speed and braking capacity of a vehicle.
Unit-2
Traffic Studies: Spot Speed Studies and Volume Studies. Speed and Delay Studies
purpose, causes of delay, methods of conducting speed and delay studies. Origin and destination
Studies ( O & D) : Various methods, collection and interpretation of data, planning and
sampling. Traffic Capacity Studies: Volume, density, basic practical and possible capacities,
level of service. Parking Studies: Methods of parking studies cordon counts, space inventories,
parking practices.
Unit-3
Traffic Operations And Control: Traffic regulations and various means of control.
One way streets-advantages and limitations. Traffic signals- isolated signals, coordinated signals,
simultaneous, alternate, flexible and progressive signal systems. Types of traffic signals, fixed
time signals, traffic actuated signals, speed control signals, pedestrian signals, flashing signals,
clearance interval and problems on single isolated traffic signal.
Unit-4
Street Lighting: Methods of light distribution. Design of street lighting system.
Definitions- Luminaire, foot candle, Lumen, utilization and maintenance factors. Different types
of light sources used for street lighting. Fundamental factors of night vision.
Unit-5
Accident Studies & Mass Transportation: Accident Studies : Causes of accidents,
accident studies and records, condition and collision diagram, preventive measures.
Expressways and freeways, problems on mass transportation and remedial measures, brief study
of mass transportation available in the country.
Solid Waste And Its Management: Introduction to solid waste-Definition of solid
waste, garbage, rubbish-Sources and Types. Characteristics of Solid Wastes: Physical, chemical
and biological characteristics. 3Rs- Reduction, reuse, recycling and recovery principles of waste
management- Functional elements of Solid Waste management- Waste generation and handling
at source-Collection of solid wastes- Collection methods and services- guidelines for collection
route layout.
Unit-2
Waste Water And Its Management: Characteristics and analysis of waste water,
recycles of decomposition, physical, chemical & biological parameters. Unit operations for waste
water treatment, preliminary treatment.
Unit-3
Hazardous Waste And Its Management: Introduction to hazardous waste
management issues, classification; Magnitude of problem; Risk assessment; Environmental
Legislation; Characterization and site assessment; Waste minimization and resource recovery;
Storage and Transportation of Hazardous wastes; Hazard in processing and treatment; Physical,
Chemical, Thermal and Biological processes.
Unit-4
Transfer And Transport Of Wastes: Solid Waste transportation: Transfer stationProcessing and segregation of the solid
waste- various methods of material segregation.
Hazardous waste transportation: According to economic benefits, transfer stations, and types of
hazardous waste.
Unit-5
Disposal Of Wastes: Solid waste disposal: Volume reduction, Open dumping, land
filling techniques. Landfills: classification-Design and Operation of landfills, Land Farming,
Deep well injection. Hazardous waste disposal; Landfill disposal and land storage; Ground water
contamination; Containment; remedial alternatives. Natural methods of waste water disposal i.e.
by land treatment & by dilution, self purification capacity of stream, Oxygen sag analysis.
Design of Multistory Buildings - Sway and non-sway buildings, shear walls and other bracing
elements.
Unit-2
Earth Retaining Structures: Cantilever and counter fort type retaining walls.
Unit-3
Water Tanks: Tanks on ground and underground tanks: square, rectangular, circular tanks,
overhead tanks: circular and intze tanks.
Unit-4
Silos and Bunkers: Introduction, design of rectangular, square and circular bunkers, design of
silos by Airy’s theory and Janssen’s theory.
Unit-5
T-beam & Slab bridges- for highway loading (IRC Loads).Prestressing concepts materials,
systems of prestressing& losses. Introduction to working and limit state design.
Modern Construction Materials: Study of advance building materials like, aluminum,
glass, fabric, various types of finishes & treatments, construction chemicals – sealants,
engineering grouts, mortars , admixtures and adhesives.
Unit-2
Polymersin civil engineering-structural plastics and composites- polymer
membranescoatings-adhesives, non - weathering materials-flooring and facade materials- glazed
brick, photo catalytic cement, acid etched copper and composite fiber metals-metals and special
alloys of steel - water jet cut stainless steel, mill slab steel, tension rods assemblies and cast iron,
heat treatment in steels, tendons.
Unit-3
Construction methods: precast flat panel system, 3d volumetric construction, tunnel
boring methods, slip form work, precast foundations .fabrication of pre cast and pre stressed
components, reinforcing steel: types, bending, placing, splicing and spacing, tendons- soil
improvement - mechanical, thermal and chemical.
Unit-4
Construction Equipment’s: equipment for excavating, dredging, trenching, tunneling,
drilling, blasting-equipment for compaction-erection equipment- types of pumps used in
construction-equipment for dewatering and grouting-foundation and pile driving equipment ,
forklifts and related equipment-portable material -conveyors-hauling equipment.
Unit-5
Smart Materials: concept and types, sensing technology-types of sensors -physical
measurement using piezoelectric strain measurement, piezoelectric and electrostrictive material -
magneto structure material, shape memory alloys, electro rheological fluids.
INTRODUCTION TO AIR POLLUTION:
Air Pollution, Definition, Air Pollution and Global Climate, Units of measurements of pollutants, Air
quality criteria, emission standards, National ambient air quality standards , Air pollution episodes.
Unit-2
SOURCES, CLASSIFICATION AND EFFECTS:
Sources and classification of air pollutants, Manmade, Natural sources, Type of air pollutants,
Pollution due to automobiles, Analysis of air pollutants. Air pollution and its effects on human
beings, plants and animals, Economic effects of air pollution.
Unit-3
AIR QUALITY SAMPLING AND MONITORING:
Ambient air sampling,Stack sampling, instrumentation and methods of analysis of gaseous
pollutants,Meteorology, legislation for control of air pollution and automobile pollution.
Unit-4
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES:
Control equipment, Particulate control methods, Bag house filter, Settling chamber, cyclone
separators, inertial devices, Electrostatic precipitator, scrubbers, Control of gaseous emissions,
Absorption, Absorption equipment’s, adsorption and combustion devices.
Unit-5
NOISE POLLUTION AND ITS CONTROL:
Sources of noise, Units and Measurements of Noise, Characterization of Noise
from Construction, Mining, Transportation and Industrial Activities, Airport Noise, Noise
measuring equipment, Effects of noise pollution, Prevention and control of noise pollution.
Power System Fundamentals:
Regulation and Deregulation, condition for deregulation, problems with regulation, risk management,
congestion management, ATC, screening curve.
Unit-2
Competitions in Power Market:
What is competition, efficiency of perfect competition, marginal cost in power market, role of marginal
cost,
working with marginal cost, results of marginal cost.
Unit-3
Market Power And Structure:
Define market power, price quality outcomes, three stages of market power, using price quality outcomes
to
show power, monopoly in power auction, market power on demand side.
Unit-4
Restructure:
Fundamental restructure system, transmission pricing, restructure models, OASIS, structure of OASIS,
transfer capability of OASIS.
Unit-5
Designing And Testing Market Rules:
Design for competitive prices, testing of market design, designing to reduce market power.
